The NCAA and the U.S. Department of Defense in 2014 embarked on a landmark $30 million initiative to study concussion and head impact exposure with the goal of enhancing student-athlete and service member safety.

Early results were released this week.

Of the more than 460,000 college athletes across all divisions, an average of 10,500 (2.2 percent) suffered a concussion each of the last five years with approximately 3,400 of those occurring in football. In all, 70 percent of the concussions occurred in males, 30 percent in females.

American service members have suffered more than 320,000 brain injuries since 2000 with 80 percent of those coming outside of combat.

It is estimated that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million recreation-related concussions occur annually in the United States.

Researchers will report on an estimated 37,000 college athletes during the three-year study.

Among other findings, researchers also released concussion rates in NCAA sports from 2009 to 2014 in exposures per 10,000. An exposure is defined as a single practice, competition or other observable incident.

• Wrestling: 10.9
• Men’s ice hockey: 7.9
• Women’s ice hockey: 7.5
• Football: 6.7
• Women’s soccer: 6.3